The manuscript of an Article that has been accepted for publication and which typically includes author-incorporated changes suggested during submission, peer review, and editor-author communications. The Accepted Manuscript should not be added to or enhanced in any way to appear more like, or to substitute for, the Published Journal Article. The Accepted Manuscript should include a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI and should bear a Creative Commons CC BY NC ND license.

The use or posting of Articles:

• for commercial gain - for example by associating advertising with the full-text of the Article, by providing hosting services to other repositories or to other organizations, or charging fees for document delivery or access;
• to substitute for the services provided directly by the publisher - for example article aggregation, systematic distribution via e-mail lists or share buttons, posting, indexing or linking for promotional/marketing activities by commercial companies for use by customers and/or intended target audience of such companies (e.g. pharmaceutical companies and healthcare professionals/physician-prescribers).

Use by the author's institution for classroom teaching at the institution and for internal training purposes (including distribution of copies, paper or electronic, and use in coursepacks and courseware programs, but not in MOOCs -Massive Open Online Courses) and inclusion of the Article in applications for grant funding or for patent applications. For authors employed by companies, the use by that company for internal training purposes.

Use by an author in the author's classroom teaching (including distribution of copies, paper or electronic) or presentation by an author at a meeting or conference (including distribution of copies to the delegates attending such meeting), distribution of copies (including through e-mail) to known research colleagues for their personal use, use in a subsequent compilation of the author's works, inclusion in a thesis or dissertation, preparation of other derivative works such as extending the Article to book-length form, or otherwise using or re-using portions or excerpts in other works (with full acknowledgment of the original publication of the Article).

Author's own write-up of research results and analysis that has not been peer reviewed, nor had any other value added to it by a publisher (such as formatting, copy-editing, technical enhancements, and the like). Preprints should not be added to or enhanced in any way in order to appear more like, or to substitute for, the Published Journal Article.

The definitive final record of published research that appears or will appear in the journal and embodies all value-adding publisher activities including peer review co-ordination, copy-editing, formatting, (if relevant) pagination, and online enrichment.

Preprints:

Sharing of Preprints by an author on any website or repository at any time. When the Article is accepted, the author is encouraged to include a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI. The author can also update the Preprint on arXiv or RePEc with the Accepted Manuscript.

Accepted Manuscripts:

1. immediately on acceptance: sharing of the Accepted Manuscript by an author:
   • via the author's non-commercial personal homepage or blog
   • via the author's research institute or institutional repository for Internal Institutional Use or as part of an invitation-only research collaboration work-group
   • directly by providing copies to the author's students or to research collaborators for their personal use
   • for private scholarly sharing as part of an invitation-only work group on commercial sites with which the publisher has a hosting agreement


2. after the embargo period: an author may share the Accepted Manuscript via non-commercial hosting platforms (such as the author's institutional repository) and via commercial sites with which the publisher has a hosting agreement.

Published Journal Article:

The author may share a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI or may share the Published Journal Article privately with students or colleagues for their personal use, or privately as part of an invitation-only work group on commercial sites with which the publisher has a hosting agreement. Additionally theses and dissertations which contain embedded Published Journal Articles as part of the formal submission may be hosted publicly by the awarding institution with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI. Any other sharing of Published Journal Articles is by agreement with the publisher only.

For information on the publisher's sharing policies, please see https://www.elsevier.com/sharingpolicy